Heart Valve Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Heart Valve Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

1. Introduction Heart valve disorders are a diverse group of cardiovascular conditions characterized by the structural or functional impairment of one or more of the heart’s four valves. These delicate structures are responsible for maintaining the unidirectional flow of blood through the cardiac chambers and into the systemic and pulmonary circulations. When a valve fails … Read more