Why Do My Calf Muscles Cramp Up When I Am Swimming in Cold Water?
1. Introduction Calf muscle cramps during cold water swimming result from a combination of sudden peripheral vasoconstriction and intense muscular exertion. The cold temperature drastically reduces blood flow to the extremities, depriving the working calf muscles of oxygen and disrupting local electrolyte balances. This ischemic state forces the motor neurons into a state of hyper-excitability, … Read more