Functional Bowel Disorders: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
1. Introduction Functional bowel disorders encompass a broad spectrum of chronic gastrointestinal conditions characterized by persistent symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. These disorders are clinically classified as functional because routine medical investigations—including blood tests, endoscopic imaging, and tissue biopsies—reveal no visible structural, inflammatory, or biochemical abnormalities in the digestive organs. The … Read more