Hypocalcemia: Mechanisms, Clinical Signs, and Therapeutic Interventions
1. Introduction Hypocalcemia is an endocrine and metabolic disorder defined by an abnormally low concentration of ionized calcium in the blood serum. Calcium is a vital intracellular and extracellular cation responsible for critical biological functions, including bone mineralization, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and blood coagulation. Maintaining calcium homeostasis requires a precise, continuous interaction between … Read more