Lumbar Spine Pain: Pathophysiology, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Management

Lumbar Spine Pain: Pathophysiology, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Management

1. Introduction Pain in the lumbar spine, universally recognized as lower back pain, is one of the most pervasive and debilitating musculoskeletal conditions affecting the global adult population. The lumbar spine serves as the fundamental mechanical pillar of the human body, engineered to bear immense compressive axial loads while simultaneously providing the flexibility required for … Read more