Menopausal Symptoms: Mechanisms, Clinical Presentation, and Relief

Menopausal Symptoms: Mechanisms, Clinical Presentation, and Relief

1. Introduction to Menopausal Symptoms Menopausal symptoms are the acute physical and psychological manifestations resulting from the fluctuating and eventually declining levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone. While menopause itself is a singular point in time—defined retroactively after twelve consecutive months of amenorrhea—the symptomatic phase, known as perimenopause, can precede this milestone by … Read more