Maternal Tobacco Use in Pregnancy: Fetal Development, Obstetric Risks, and Clinical Management
1. Introduction Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy remains one of the most significant and entirely preventable causes of adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. When a pregnant woman inhales combustible tobacco smoke, the complex mixture of thousands of toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and potent alkaloids crosses the placental barrier, directly entering the developing fetal circulation. The … Read more